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Bayesian Curl

If you’ve hit a wall with your training and feel like traditional bicep curls are no longer helping your biceps grow, you’re in the right place.

The Bayesian curl is a curl variation that tends to fly under the radar. But considering its proven efficacy in building bicep strength and size, it needs to be part of your weekly routine.

In this article, we’re going to discuss why the Bayesian curl is more effective than your traditional curl variations. We’ll also teach you how to perform this exercise and examine how it can be used to break through workout plateaus. Here we go.

How To Do

  1. Attach a single handle to a cable machine on its lowest setting.
  2. Holding the cable in one hand, take a step back and turn away from the machine.
  3. Take a split stance, with the opposite foot to your working hand slightly ahead of the other.
  4. Leaning forward slightly, extend your arm behind you so that the cable is pulling your arm backward. This is the starting position.
  5. As you exhale, brace your core. While keeping your elbow stationary, flex your arm to bring the handle up toward your shoulder.
  6. Focus on squeezing your biceps and inhale as you bring the handle up.
  7. When your hand is near your shoulder, you’ve reached the top of the curl.
  8. After a brief pause, slowly lower the handle back to the starting position. Keep tension on the biceps throughout the movement.
  9. Repeat as necessary before switching sides.

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Tips From Expert

  • Standing further away from the machine will help to increase the angle of the lift. This places more tension on the biceps in the bottom position and can enhance the hypertrophy potential of the exercise.
  • In order to maximize the potential gains of this exercise, your goal isn’t actually to overload your muscle weight-wise. Instead, you want to focus on getting the maximum tension possible through the widest range of motion.

Optimal Sets and Reps

Now that we’ve covered how to perform the Bayesian curl, it’s time to incorporate it into your workout. Below, we’ll talk about evidence-based loading recommendations, followed by options for working it into your training split.

Training TypeSetsReps
Strength Training4–54–6
Hypertrophy3–48–12
Endurance Training2–315–20
Power Training3–43–5 (Explosive)
Optimal Sets & Reps of Bayesian Curl

How to Put in Your Workout Split

The Bayesian curl is an under-represented bicep curl variation that outperforms traditional free-weight or cable bicep curls.

This is because the arm starts from a fully extended position, which places the biceps in more of a stretched state. Also, the use of cables increases the time under tension for the biceps. Both of these factors help to enhance the hypertrophy potential of the exercise.

Regular inclusion of bayesian curls into your workout split can make all the difference in building strong and well-defined biceps. Below, we will provide a few different options for you to do so.

Push/Pull/Legs Split — Incorporate the Bayesian curl into your pull-day workout, followed by legs and push-day later in the week. This is an effective split for targeting all of your major muscle groups.

Arm Cable Workout Split — The Bayesian curl is an ideal addition to a cable arm workout. It can be performed alongside other cable exercises to effectively target the triceps, biceps, and forearm muscles.

The next step after deciding on your workout is figuring out your loading recommendations. You can do this by first determining your one repetition maximum. This is the maximum weight you can lift for one repetition with good form.

Then, use the following ranges to help you figure out the best weight for your lifts:

  • Strength Training — 80%–100% of your 1RM.
  • Hypertrophy Training — 60%–80% of your 1RM.
  • Endurance Training — 40–60% of your 1RM.
  • Power Training — 80%–100% of your 1RM.

Primary Muscle Groups

Biceps Long Head

Most outside part of your bicep.The front of your upper arm.

Biceps Long Head

The biceps long head is one of the muscles that make up the two-headed biceps brachii muscle group.

It is located on the anterior (front) of the forearm and extends from the scapula (shoulder blade) to the forearm. It is also the larger of the two biceps muscles, making up the bulk of the muscle tissue.

During the Bayesian curl, the biceps long head does the majority of the heavy lifting. Since the arm starts in an extended position behind the body, ample stretch is placed on the long head.

This extended position is what’s responsible for the efficacy of the Bayesian curl in maximizing biceps hypertrophy. One study showed a size increase of the biceps of 8.9% over a 5-week training period.

Performing the Bayesian curl and other long-head bicep exercises can improve the performance of deadlifts, overhead presses, and chin-ups.

Secondary Muscle Groups

Biceps Short Head

Most inside portion of the biceps. Located at the front of your upper arm closest to your chest.

Brachialis

Muscle which starts at the middle of your upper arm and connects just below the elbow.

Wrist Flexors

Muscles that span the inside of your lower arm, between your elbow and wrist palm side up.

Brachioradialis

Muscle located between outside portion of your forearm from the elbow to the wrist.

Biceps Short Head

The other muscle that makes up the biceps brachii muscle group is the biceps short head. Just like the long head, the short head also originates at the scapula and inserts into the radius (forearm bone).

During the Bayesian curl, the biceps short head works alongside the long head to flex the elbow. Since it crosses the shoulder joint, it also plays a role in stabilizing the shoulder joint during the movement.

Most bicep short-head exercises involve curls since they are better targeted with the arms in front of the body.

Brachialis

The brachialis is a muscle that is located underneath the biceps brachii muscle group.

Unlike the biceps long and short heads, which cross the shoulder joint, the brachialis only crosses the elbow joint. For this reason, it is only involved in elbow flexion and does not act as a shoulder stabilizer.

Brachioradialis

The brachioradialis runs from the lower part of the humerus (upper arm bone) to the radialis, (forearm). Unlike the biceps brachii, which are mostly located on the upper arm, the brachioradialis is primarily located on the forearm.

Because it crosses the elbow joint, the brachioradialis is the main muscle involved in elbow flexion.

Wrist Flexors

The wrist flexors are made up of five key muscles. They extend from the humerus to various points in the hand and fingers and are responsible for gripping objects.

During the Bayesian curl, holding the cable machine’s handle wouldn’t be possible without the help of the wrist flexors.

Equipment

Single Grip Handle

Single Grip Handle

This can be attached to a cable machine and used for a wide range of unilateral resistance exercises. Ensure you keep a firm grip.

Single Pulley Tower

This is a smaller cable machine option that takes up less space. It can be used with a wide range of attachments.

Variations

Exercises that target the same primary muscle groups and require the same equipment.

Who Should Do?

Lifters Who Have Hit A Biceps Plateau

When it comes to overcoming a biceps muscle growth plateau, the Bayesian curl is one of your best options. 

This is because it’s one of the few exercises that places tension on the biceps in their most extended position. This change is what helps the Bayesian curl outperform other bicep curl variations that start with a flexed elbow position.

Individuals With Upper Arm Muscular Imbalances

The Bayesian curl is a unilateral exercise, meaning that it targets one side of the body at a time. An example of this would be lifting one arm or one leg.

It’s recommended to include one unilateral exercise per workout, as they can be used to prevent muscular imbalances. Muscular imbalances can occur during bilateral movements, as one side of the body overcompensates for weakness on the other.

General Fitness Enthusiasts

Strong biceps can benefit anyone who values strength and athletic performance since they are used in a number of movements. 

You may want to increase your performance of compound movements, and overhand sports, or ensure functional movement as you age. Either way, strengthening your biceps can help.

Who Should Not Do?

People With Poor Shoulder Mobility

Anyone dealing with poor shoulder mobility will generally be better suited using a dumbbell or traditional bicep curl variation. 

This is because the Bayesian curl’s behind-the-body starting arm position demands a good range of motion through the shoulder. Poor shoulder mobility can lead to poor form or more strain being placed on the shoulder joint, thus increasing injury risk.

Individuals With Elbow Strains

The elbow is one of the most complex joints in the human body, with connections being made between three bones. Because of this, it is prone to injuries, like strains or tears. 

If someone has a pre-existing elbow injury, the extended arm position during the Bayesian curl won’t be a good fit for them. Instead, they can perform peak bicep exercises, like the concentration curl, which positions the elbow against the knee for support.

Beginners

Adequate muscle control during the Bayesian curl requires a decent amount of pre-existing muscle strength. Understanding proper body mechanics and posture is also important to prevent injury. 

For this reason, beginners should focus on using more simple curl variations to build strength before attempting the Bayesian curl. Or they can ask for professional guidance to help them get started.

Benefits Of The Bayesian Curl

Better Mind-Muscle Connection

Mind-muscle connections refer to the mental focus you place on a specific muscle during a movement to ensure maximal performance. It is a phenomenon that has been clinically proven to improve muscle activation, especially when performed at 60% of 1RM

The Bayesian curl is thought to be particularly useful for improving the mind-muscle connection. This is because more focus is required during the exercise since it starts with the biceps in a stretched position.

Improved Strength

The starting position of the Bayesian curl makes all the difference in maximizing the strength-building potential of the biceps.

It increases the biceps’ time under tension, which is clinically proven to improve muscle size and strength. Additionally, the extended position of the Bayesian curl allows for a fuller range of motion. This engages the biceps to build strength across the entire muscle.

Increased Size

In one 5-week study, extended arm bicep curls like the Bayesian curl increased bicep thickness by 8.9%

This is over twice as much as the flexed arm bicep variations, such as traditional dumbbell biceps curls. These were reported as providing only a 3.4% increase in muscle thickness.

Therefore, anyone wanting to increase their bicep size can benefit from regularly including this curl variation in their upper-body workouts.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to set up Bayesian curl?

To set up a Bayesian curl, attach a handle to the low pulley of a cable machine. Stand facing away from the machine with a split stance, holding the handle with your arm extended behind you. Now, you’re ready.

What muscles do Bayesian curls target?

Bayesian curls target the entire biceps brachii muscle group, particularly the long head which is responsible for powering the lift. However, they also engage the brachialis and brachioradialis, located in the upper arm, along with the forearm muscles.

How effective are Bayesian curls?

When performed correctly, Bayesian curls have the potential to outperform traditional free-weight or cable bicep curls. This is because of the tension placed on the biceps muscles when they are in their most lengthened state.

Should I go heavy on Bayesian curls?

While progressive overload is an important factor in muscle growth, time under tension takes precedence with the Bayesian curl. Instead of only focusing on lifting heavier, focus on getting the maximum tension possible through the widest range of motion.

Resources

Endomondo.com refrains from utilizing tertiary references. We uphold stringent sourcing criteria and depend on peer-reviewed studies and academic research conducted by medical associations and institutions. For more detailed insights, you can explore further by reading our editorial process.

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