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Dynamic Arm Swing

We as fitness seekers work hard to maximize results by incorporating challenging exercises, body-pushing paces, and hard techniques. The end goal is always to enhance and maximize performance, with the workout as the center focus of this.

Dynamic arm swings are a good way to take your shoulder workouts to another level. To maximize performance, learn how this exercise is used to warm up and activate your body to do better. This exercise is even great for some of your lower body movements. 

Let’s explore how this movement can put you in the best position to improve your training.

How To Do

  1. Stand with flat feet hip-width apart on the floor with your knees slightly bent.
  2. Raise your arms out to your sides at shoulder height.
  3. Draw in at your lower stomach and engage your abdominals to activate them.
  4. Move your arms towards each other, crossing one over the other at your mid-chest.
  5. Pull both arms back outward away from your chest and back to the starting position at your sides.
  6. Repeat this action for the desired repetition number or duration time.

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Tips From Expert

  • Try to coordinate your arm movement so they each move at the same pace.
  • Perform the movement smoothly without altering speed or sudden arm movements.  This will allow for the best functionality of the shoulder joint and efficient loosening. 
  • With each movement, think to actively engage and tighten the primary muscles used. 
  • Move your arms through a wide arc, using an appropriate range of motion for your mobility level. Doing this increases joint mobility and flexibility.
  • Pair your breathing so that you are inhaling as the muscles are stretched and exhaling as they are engaging.

*Expert tip: As an upper-body warm-up, incorporating this exercise is more effective for lifting readiness than a sub-max lift alone.

Optimal Sets and Reps

Dynamic arm swings translate most easily to endurance and light strength goals. Refer to the table below for goal-based recommendations.

Training TypeSetsReps
Strength Training3–530–60 seconds
Hypertrophy3–430–60 seconds
Endurance Training3–460+ seconds
Power Training3–530–60 seconds
Optimal Sets & Reps of Dynamic Arm Swing

How to Put in Your Workout Split

Dynamic arm swings are most fitting for lower-intensity goals since they aren’t a compound lift but a single joint movement. They can be used as either a warm-up, stretch between sets, or superset for a good muscle burn. 

Variation for how this exercise is programmed depends primarily on your workout goals and training intensity.

Below is a guideline for how to incorporate it into your desired split:

  • Push/Pull — You may include dynamic arm swings on your push days as this is a great warm-up exercise. This is where the exercise has the most benefit. You’ll likely be doing your heavy strength and muscle work using compound lifts.
  • Total Body — If your program is designed to work your full body, dynamic arm swings are also useful.  You get more out of your strength and muscle work by using compound exercises, so use them to warm up. 
  • Single Muscle Group — If your routine features just one muscle group per day, you may not work your shoulders as often as other splits. The correct way to incorporate them is similar to the total body split. 

As a lower-intensity exercise, dynamic arm swings are mainly designed to be used as a warm-up. They work your shoulders, chest, and serratus anterior. Therefore, they can be used as a warm-up on any day that you’re working these muscle groups.

Because of this, we don’t need to worry about loading recommendations or rest periods for programming.

Primary Muscle Groups

Sternal Head of Pectoralis Major

Large muscles located underneath your clavicle head. Makes up most of your chest area

Anterior Deltoid

Muscles located at the front of your shoulder region

Anterior Deltoid 

The anterior deltoid is a compact strip of muscle running directly down the front shoulder. It attaches to the clavicle, or collar bone, and inserts on the humerus, or upper arm. It is instrumental in raising the arm across, in front, and above the body. 

The primary actions of the anterior deltoid during the arm swings are the movements of shoulder flexion and horizontal adduction. These are the raising and crossing motions, respectively. 

Sternal Head

Your pectoralis major is made up of three muscle heads — the clavicular head, abdominal head, and sternal head. 

This head of the pec major attaches to the upper humerus and inserts at the sternum, or breastbone.

The dynamic arm swings present varying effort requirements due to the range of motions and shoulder angles used. This head assists in the arms’ horizontal movement and stabilizes it close to the body.

Secondary Muscle Groups

Clavicular Head of Pectoralis Major

Muscles located at the top of your chest, running from your armpit to collar bone. Smaller portion of your chest muscle.

Abdominal Head of Pectoralis Major

Muscles located at the bottom of your pectoral region, just above your abdominal muscles.

Serratus Anterior

Small, fan shaped muscle that lies deep under your chest and scapula.

Clavicular Head

The clavicular head of the pectoralis major is located at the upper part of your chest. It attaches from the upper humerus and inserts at the inner clavicle. It primarily functions to bring your arms closer to the midline of your body, and also raise the arm.

During the dynamic arm swings exercise, this muscle head performs shoulder adduction to bring your arms closer to your body. It also helps to stabilize your shoulder joints.

Normal clavicular head activity during the arm swings is key since it is the only other muscle to aid the anterior deltoid in shoulder flexion. 

Abdominal Head

This head of the pectoralis major also attaches to the upper humerus. Like the sternal head, its insertion arises from the upper edge of the external obliques. 

The abdominal head of the pectoralis muscle lowers and brings the arm toward the body during arm movement. These are the actions of shoulder extension and adduction.

This muscle’s specific location to the outer bottom of the chest seems to make its impact on arm movement less commonly explored. Its importance is tangible, however, as a large part of this powerful chest muscle group. 

Serratus Anterior

The serratus anterior muscle is located on the side of the chest. It originates from the ribs and inserts into the scapula. The action of this muscle is to stabilize the scapula during arm movement. 

As the arm moves, the serratus anterior will engage to draw the shoulder blade against the ribcage. This ensures smooth motion of the upper extremity while the scapula stabilizes in place. 

Though the arm swings are a relatively low-impact exercise, the serratus anterior still proves valuable in its stabilizing efforts.

Equipment

Bodyweight

Bodyweight

Requires bodyweight resistance and additional equipment for proper execution.

Variations

Exercises that target the same primary muscle groups and require the same equipment.

Who Should Do?

Anyone Looking To Improve Performance

Warming up is a crucial part of movement and activity. It helps to improve muscle blood flow and increase temperature. This is especially important as a performance-based athlete.

Dynamic arm swings provide a great way to activate your muscles, increase mobility, and improve coordination. As part of a warm-up, they help to improve muscle temperature and blood flow.

Regardless of which chest and shoulder workouts you choose, this exercise can serve you well.  

Individuals For Gait Improvement

Because of the opposing dynamic arm movements, arm coordination is a key factor. You’re moving separate limbs in tandem in different directions but with equal tempo and steady pace. 

Consider the vertical arm swing variation and its natural translation to walking, jogging, and running. The task-specific coordination used for the arms can have a direct influence on that needed for many cardio exercises. 

Your body is mechanically designed to link lower limb movement with its upper body counterparts. Lower limb-based training can be enhanced through dynamic arm swings. This exercise primarily involves the upper body, but you should incorporate it for its lower-body benefits also. 

Who Should Not Do?

Those Who Have Injuries

Dynamic arm swings require a large shoulder range of motion. If you’re injured or have been previously, you likely cannot perform the pain-free movement necessary for this exercise.  

*Expert tip: Consult a mobility specialist for guidance on restoring functional shoulder strength to work toward performing dynamic arm swings. 

Benefits Of The Dynamic Arm Swing

Warms Up Muscles 

Dynamic arm swings move the arms and shoulders through all actions and ranges of motion. This helps the shoulders to perform at peak efficiency when you go through your full workout.

As a warm-up exercise, dynamic arm swings provide many advantages for your session. These include increased body temperature, enhanced exercise focus, and injury prevention.

By actively engaging the primary movers throughout the swings, you are stimulating contraction and tightening, and therefore, readiness to work. Furthermore, the stretching of the muscles through movement in opposing directions ensures stability through all functional joint positions. 

You can also perform them as part of an at-home shoulder workout as part of your warm-up before the activity.

Promotes Blood Flow

Moving your arms through a full range of motion stimulates blood flow to the working muscles. In this case, the anterior deltoid, sternal, clavicular, abdominal pec heads, and serratus anterior. 

Blood flow is vital to provide oxygen and nutrients to the working muscles. This helps to keep normal function and can greatly impact performance. Therefore, dynamic arm swings are good for injury prevention and performance.

Increases Flexibility 

Dynamic arm swings are a great tool for improving your range of motion and flexibility ahead of your workout. Active dynamic stretching is a hugely useful feature of this exercise. 

This is done as the anterior deltoid and pectoralis heads activate to cross and raise the arms. Swinging with a full range of motion helps to maximize your flexibility.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the benefits of arm swinging?

The benefits of arm swinging are extremely diverse. Doing this exercise allows you to activate muscles in preparation for training. It also serves to warm up muscles and joints, increase blood flow to working areas, and enhance flexibility.

What muscles do arm swings target?

Dynamic arm swings target your anterior deltoids, your serratus anterior, and your clavicular, sternal, and abdominal heads of the pectoralis major.

Does swinging your arms build muscle?

As a low-intensity, dynamic exercise, swinging your arms in and out is not too effective for building muscle. It’s primarily a warm-up exercise. You would need to use more resistance to build muscle.

Are arm swings effective?

Yes. Dynamic arm swings are a greatly effective exercise to prepare for your workout. The move is great for warming up joints, increasing the range of motion, and firing up muscles to perform their best.

Resources

Endomondo.com refrains from utilizing tertiary references. We uphold stringent sourcing criteria and depend on peer-reviewed studies and academic research conducted by medical associations and institutions. For more detailed insights, you can explore further by reading our editorial process.

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