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Dumbbell Standing Overhead Tricep Extension

The dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension is a powerful isolation exercise that targets all three heads of the triceps. Whether you’re a bodybuilder or a general gym-goer, this exercise can improve your performance with other popular exercises.

Ready to reap the benefits of the dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension? You’re in the right place. This article provides step-by-step instructions for proper performance. 

You’ll learn about common mistakes to avoid and the key muscles involved. We’ll also discuss how to incorporate it into your workout split.

How To Do

  1. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart to help you stay balanced.
  2. Hold a dumbbell with both hands. Your palms should face the underside of the top weight plate, and your thumbs should wrap around the handle.
  3. Press the dumbbell overhead, then lower it behind your head by bending your elbows. This is your starting position.
  4. Keep your elbows close to your head, and your upper arms pointing straight up. Try not to let your arms move as you do the exercise.
  5. Inhale at the bottom to prepare.
  6. Exhale as you push the dumbbell back up by straightening your arms, using your triceps.
  7. Inhale as you lower the dumbbell behind your head again, returning to the starting position slowly and with control.
  8. Avoid locking your elbows at the top to keep tension on your triceps.
  9. Repeat for the desired number of reps.

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Tips From Expert

  • Ensure that your wrists remain straight throughout the entire tricep extension. To help you remember, at the top of the lift, keep the front of the dumbbell parallel to the wall. At the bottom, aim to have the bottom of the dumbbell parallel to the floor.
  • At the bottom of the movement, resist the urge to allow your elbows to flair out to the side. This will help lengthen the entire triceps muscles, ensuring better activation.
  • Try not to use momentum to lift the weight. Instead, focus on using slow and controlled movement during the lowering and lifting phases.

Optimal Sets and Reps

Now that you know how to perform the standing overhead tricep extension, it’s time to incorporate it into your workout. Below, you’ll find evidence-based loading recommendations for each training style.

Training TypeSetsReps
Strength Training3–44–6
Hypertrophy3–48–12
Endurance Training2–315–20
Power Training3–51–5 (Explosive)
Optimal Sets & Reps of Dumbbell Standing Overhead Tricep Extension

How to Put in Your Workout Split

The dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension is an isolation exercise that targets all three heads of the triceps muscle group.

The deltoid and latissimus dorsi muscles also play an important role in the movement. However, they are more involved in shoulder stabilization than the lifting and lowering actions.

There are a few different options for including this exercise in your workout split, as listed below:

  • Body Part/Bro Split — Isolation exercises such as the dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension are ideal additions to bro/body part splits. This split style allows for maximal recovery between workouts and targeted training for each major muscle group.
  • Push/Pull/Legs Split — The dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension is considered a push exercise. It can be performed alongside other chest, shoulder and triceps workouts. Follow this with a pull-day workout to target the back and biceps, then a legs-focused workout for full-body strengthening. 

Workouts for endurance and stamina require shorter rest periods, ranging from 30–60 seconds. However, for hypertrophy and muscle group, you may require anywhere from one to five minutes for optimal recovery.

Finally, it’s important that you match your loading recommendations to your workout. Start by determining your one repetition maximum. This is the maximum weight you can lift for one repetition with good form.

Then, use the following ranges:

  • Strength Training — 80%–100% of your 1RM.
  • Hypertrophy Training 60%–80% of your 1RM.
  • Endurance Training 40–60% of your 1RM.
  • Power Training 80%–100% of your 1RM.

Primary Muscle Groups

Triceps Lateral Heads

Muscles located on the back of your arm between your shoulder and elbow.

Triceps Medial Heads

Small muscles located at the back of your arms. Deep to the triceps long heads between the shoulder and elbow.

Triceps Long Heads

Large muscles located at the back of your arms between your shoulder and elbow. Most outside portion of the tricep.

Triceps Lateral Heads

The triceps lateral head is one of the three muscles that make up the triceps brachii muscle group. 

Located on the outside of the upper arm, the lateral head connects from the forearm to the upper arm bone. It is the primary muscle responsible for the "horseshoe" shape of the tricep muscle.

The role of the triceps head during most movements, including the overhead tricep extension, is elbow extension. Simply put, elbow extension means straightening the arm.

During the lifting phase, the triceps lateral heads contract to draw the weight overhead. When lowering the weight, the triceps lateral heads lengthen for a slow and controlled descent.

Triceps Medial Heads

Another important muscle in the triceps brachii muscle group is the medial head. The medial head is located on the inner part of the upper arm, beneath the long and lateral heads. Like the lateral head, the medial head connects from the forearm bone to the top of the upper arm bone.

The role of the triceps medial head is much the same as the triceps lateral head. It works synergistically with the two other tricep muscles to stabilize and extend the elbow. It also provides support to the long and lateral heads to ensure effective and controlled arm movements. 

Triceps Long Heads

The third and final muscle in the triceps muscle group is the long head. It is the largest and most prominent of the three muscles, running along the back of the upper arm. 

Unlike the other two tricep muscles, it originates from the scapula (shoulder blade) and connects to the forearm bone. Because of this, the triceps long heads also play an important role in stabilizing the shoulder joint during overhead movements.

Secondary Muscle Groups

Anterior Deltoid

Muscles located at the front of your shoulder region

Lateral Deltoid

Muscles located at the side of your shoulder which gives your shoulders a rounded appearance.

Latissimus Dorsi

Large, triangular shaped muscles located just below your shoulder blades. They extend along your spine down to your pelvis.

Anterior Deltoid

The anterior deltoids make up the front portion of the deltoid muscle group, which sits on the shoulder joint. They originate from the outermost part of the clavicle (collar bone) and insert into the humerus (upper arm bone).

The anterior deltoid is primarily responsible for shoulder flexion, which involves lifting the arm forward and upward. However, during the dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension, the anterior deltoid plays more of a stabilizing role. 

Adequate shoulder stability helps to protect the joint while also aiding in proper form and control.

Lateral Deltoid

Next to the anterior deltoids, you’ll find the lateral deltoids. They are the middle portion of the deltoid muscle group, located on the outer side of the shoulder. 

The lateral deltoids originate from the acromion of the scapula, the bony part at the top of the shoulder. Like the anterior deltoid, they connect to the humerus (upper arm bone).

The main role of the lateral deltoid is shoulder abduction, which involves moving the arm away from the body. 

However, during the dumbbell standing overhead tricep press, the lateral deltoid helps ensure the arm remains stable and correctly positioned. This prevents unnecessary movement or strain on the shoulder.

Latissimus Dorsi

The latissimus dorsi, commonly referred to as the lats, are large, flat muscles located on the lower back. They start at the spine, ribs, and pelvis and connect to the humerus (upper arm bone).

In the standing dumbbell tricep overhead extension, the lat’s primary role is to stabilize the shoulder joint. It also assists in maintaining the upper arm's elbow-up positioning, helping to enhance the control and engagement of the tricep.

Equipment

Dumbbells

Dumbbells

You can use these for a wide range of unilateral and bilateral exercises. Avoid using momentum to lift. Ensure a secure grip to prevent drops.

Who Should Do?

Rehabilitation Patients

When performed with light weights, the overhead tricep extension gradually strengthens the muscles without placing excessive stress on the elbow and shoulder joints. 

Because of this, it can be considered a low-impact exercise suitable for anyone currently recovering from upper-body injuries.

Additionally, the tricep overhead extension can help improve flexibility and range of motion in the shoulder and elbow joints. Improved range of motion is often a key goal in rehabilitation programs.

General Fitness Enthusiasts

The triceps are underrated muscles that play an important role in key movements involved in a variety of different exercises. 

Improved tricep strength can greatly benefit athletes performing overhead movements like throwing. General gym-goers will also notice enhanced performance with popular exercises such as bench presses, push-ups, and deadlifts.

Bodybuilders

The triceps make up approximately two-thirds of the upper arm’s muscle mass. Because of this, strong and well-developed triceps are essential for bodybuilders to achieve optimal arm size and definition.

Who Should Not Do?

Individuals With Poor Shoulder Mobility

Although individuals with poor shoulder mobility can benefit long-term by practicing overhead tricep extension, it can also pose problems.

For example, lack of shoulder mobility can make it difficult to maintain proper form throughout the entire movement. This can lead to muscle strains or shoulder impingement, which affects the rotator cuff.

Lack of shoulder mobility can also place more strain on the elbow and wrist joints, which are forced to compensate. For this reason, people with poor shoulder mobility should practice the overhead tricep extension with a trainer or physical therapist.

People With Lower Back Pain

Low back pain affects as many as 691 million people worldwide. It is one of the leading causes of disability and can have a large impact on quality of life. 

There are many exercises that can be performed to improve low back pain. Unfortunately, the dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension isn’t one of them.

The exercise places weight behind the head and requires significant shoulder mobility. This weight distribution and lack of shoulder mobility can cause individuals to arch their back excessively during the exercise. This could potentially further strain and aggravate the lower back.

Beginners

During the dumbbell standing overhead tricep extension, many simultaneous actions occur. These include maintaining a stable core, keeping elbows close to the head, and avoiding arching through the spine.

This can make it a difficult exercise for a beginner gym-goer to nail, especially when weight is added into the mix. For this reason, beginners are better off sticking to a seated version of the exercise or opting for other triceps dumbbell exercises.

Benefits Of The Exercise

Increased Triceps Hypertrophy And Strength

The overhead position of the elbow during the overhead tricep extension places more tension on the long head of the triceps. This has been shown to stimulate greater muscle hypertrophy compared to other tricep exercises.

Strengthening the triceps long head also has the added benefit of improving shoulder stability. More stable shoulders allow for heavier lifts, thus allowing for greater hypertrophy of the upper body muscles generally.

Enhanced Shoulder Stability

Shoulder stability refers to having adequate muscle strength to keep the shoulder joint steady during movement. The triceps long head crosses the shoulder joint, making it an important factor in shoulder stability. The same can be said for the lateral and anterior deltoids.

Strengthening all these muscles with the overhead tricep extension can improve shoulder stability. This can help you lift heavier during other arms and shoulder workouts, prevent injuries, and enhance overall upper body function.

Improved Functional Strength

Functional strength refers to the ability to perform everyday activities with ease, like lifting, bending, pushing, and pulling. Certain exercises, like lunges and squats, are ideal for improving functional core and leg strength. 

Overhead tricep extension can help improve triceps muscle strength while simultaneously improving shoulder mobility. Over time, this can contribute to a more efficient and injury-resistant body.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the dumbbell overhead tricep extension good?

Yes, when performed correctly, the dumbbell overhead tricep extension is an excellent option for targeting and strengthening the triceps.

How to do overhead tricep extension without hurting the elbow?

If you feel elbow pain while performing the overhead tricep extension, try this. Start with a proper warm-up to activate the supporting muscles and ligaments. Then, during the exercise, maintain controlled movements while keeping your elbows close to your head.

How many overhead tricep extensions should I do?

The number of overhead tricep extensions you should do will differ depending on your training style. For example, endurance training requires 15+ repetitions. However, for hypertrophy and strength training, you want to aim for 4–12 repetitions.

Resources

Endomondo.com refrains from utilizing tertiary references. We uphold stringent sourcing criteria and depend on peer-reviewed studies and academic research conducted by medical associations and institutions. For more detailed insights, you can explore further by reading our editorial process.

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