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Cable Shoulder Internal Rotation

Strengthening your shoulder is essential for a healthy posture, joint stability, and optimal performance in sports and daily activities. Cable shoulder internal rotation targets the muscles around your shoulder joint, helping you achieve these goals.

In this guide, we discuss who should or shouldn’t perform this exercise. We'll also learn how to correctly perform cable rotations to build resilient shoulders.

How To Do

  1. Stand close to the cable machine with your right side facing it.
  2. Adjust the cable pulley to waist height and attach a single handle.
  3. Stand tall with your back straight and grip the handle with your right hand. Keep your chest up and head facing forward.
  4. Bend your elbow at a 90-degree angle while keeping your upper arm and elbow close to your body.
  5. Start by rotating the handle inward until your wrist is over your belly button.
  6. Under control, slowly rotate your hands outwards and return to the starting position.
  7. Repeat for the desired number of reps on each arm.

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Tips From Expert

  • Use a weight that allows you to maintain proper posture throughout the exercise. 
  • Keep the elbow beside your hip all the time, and avoid flaring them out as you rotate the weight inwards. 
  • Relax your shoulders to avoid tension in the upper traps.
  • Stand with your side to the column bar so the cable is perpendicular to your arm. 
  • Always initiate the movement with the arm closer to the anchor point.
  • Maintain a firm grip on the handle and keep the wrist in a neutral position.

Optimal Sets and Reps

The ideal sets and reps highly depend on your fitness goals. In this section, we help you choose the right amount of reps and sets based on your training style.

Training TypeSetsReps
Strength Training3–54–6
Hypertrophy3–48–12
Endurance Training3–412–20
Power Training3–51–3
Optimal Sets & Reps of Cable Shoulder Internal Rotation

How to Put in Your Workout Split

The cable shoulder internal rotation targets the muscles around the shoulder joint. However, it offers many other benefits. This makes it a worthwhile addition to different training programs.

You can implement it in your push, pull, body part split, and arm workouts. Although as an accessory exercise that develops shoulder stability, it is not used for specific strength and power development. Yet, it targets the anterior deltoid, making it a great addition to any shoulder workout.

Perform them after or along with your compound moves or after your recovery periods. 

As an isolation-type exercise, add it at the end of your workout when you are tired. This can condition the shoulder and rotator cuff muscles to perform under fatigue.

Shoulder rotations make a good addition to full-body workouts where you target different muscle groups. Additionally, you can include it in your recovery days for injury prevention. 

It serves as a warm-up or rehabilitation exercise for maintaining shoulder health and warming up the rotator cuff muscles. These muscles play a key role in compound movement that you might complete on the mentioned workout days.

Primary Muscle Groups

Anterior Deltoid

Muscles located at the front of your shoulder region

Anterior Deltoid 

The deltoid is a muscle that covers the top of your upper arm. It has three different heads; the anterior deltoid, lateral deltoid, and posterior deltoid. 

The anterior head is located at the front, closer to the chest. It starts from the collar bone and ends on the upper arm bone called the humerus.

During the cable shoulder internal rotation, the subscapularis rotates the upper arm bone internally. This is one of four muscles that make up your rotator cuff. These are a group of muscles that surround the shoulder joint.

The anterior deltoid plays a supportive role in this movement. Even though the subscapularis leads the movement, the deltoid muscle stabilizes the shoulder and helps rotate it inwards. The anterior deltoid is notably active during this exercise, making it an essential muscle for maintaining shoulder strength and stability.

Secondary Muscle Groups

Clavicular Head of Pectoralis Major

Muscles located at the top of your chest, running from your armpit to collar bone. Smaller portion of your chest muscle.

Sternal Head of Pectoralis Major

Large muscles located underneath your clavicle head. Makes up most of your chest area

Biceps Short Head

Most inside portion of the biceps. Located at the front of your upper arm closest to your chest.

Wrist Flexors

Muscles that span the inside of your lower arm, between your elbow and wrist palm side up.

Clavicular Head

The clavicular head is part of the chest muscle called the pectoralis major. It originates from the collarbone and inserts into the humerus.

It mainly assists in shoulder flexion and internal rotation, moving the arm closer to the midline of the body.

During the cable shoulder internal rotation, it provides support to the shoulder joint for safer and smoother movement. It evenly balances the load throughout the shoulder joint, which decreases the risks of injuries and improves stability.

Sternal Head

The sternal head of the pectoralis major is located underneath the clavicular head. It originates from the breastbone and inserts into the humerus. It has a few important roles while performing cable shoulder internal rotations. 

These include internal rotation of the shoulders, and maintaining a safe position of the arm bone within the socket. It also corresponds to the middle and lower portion of the chest and distributes the force from the shoulder down to the chest. 

These can relieve a lot of stress and possible strain on the shoulder joint and ensure a controlled and safe movement.    

Biceps Short Head

Another secondary muscle involved in cable shoulder internal rotations is the biceps brachii commonly called the biceps. The biceps brachii are made up of two heads; the short head and the long head.

The long head originates from the shoulder blade and is inserted into the forearm. Even though it is primarily an arm-moving muscle, it maintains shoulder stability during cable internal rotations. This important role ensures proper alignment of the shoulder and prevents injuries.

Wrist Flexors

The wrist flexors are a group of muscles mainly responsible for the flexion of the wrist. They are located at the front of your forearm. 

These secondary muscles aren’t involved in shoulder movement. Instead, they help stabilize the wrist while doing cable shoulder internal rotations.

They work hard to keep the wrist straight and prevent movement of the wrist joint. As a result, you will have a firm and secure grip on the cable handle, and smoother shoulder movement.

Equipment

Narrow Cable Pulley Towers

Narrow Cable Pulley Towers

This versatile cable machine is suitable for a wide range of exercises. It provides constant resistance. Ensure the cable points are firmly clipped in.

Single Grip Handle

This can be attached to a cable machine and used for a wide range of unilateral resistance exercises. Ensure you keep a firm grip.

Variations

Exercises that target the same primary muscle groups and require the same equipment.

Who Should Do?

Athletes

Most athletes require exercises for shoulder strength and stability. However, overhead sports athletes can benefit even more from them.

That’s because they stabilize the upper arm bone within the shoulder joint, reducing the chance of dislocation. They also improve shoulder strength and range of motion, increasing performance in sports like baseball, tennis, volleyball, and swimming.

Office Workers

Those, who spend long hours at a desk, often experience shoulder pain or discomfort. This may be due to poor posture. The regular use of computers with rounded shoulders can fatigue these postural muscles and lead to pain and tension.

Incorporating exercise into daily lives can improve these conditions. Cable shoulder internal rotations are one way to strengthen the muscles around the shoulder joint. This may improve posture and reduce shoulder pain.

Gym Goers

Most traditional workouts focus on compound movements and larger muscle groups. They often neglect shoulder and rotator cuff exercises, like the cable internal rotation. This can lead to imbalances, joint stiffness, or weakness in these stabilizing muscles.

Therefore, cable shoulder internal rotations can be a great addition to the shoulder workout of men and any fitness enthusiast. Additionally, this can add variety to their training routine.

Who Should Not Do?

Beginners Without Proper Guidance

Beginners who are new to strength training should approach cable rotations with caution. This is only until they learn proper technique meaning there is no need to avoid it completely.

Cable internal rotation requires good form and control, which can be challenging for those just starting out. Incorrect technique or excessive weight can lead to injuries. Therefore, beginners should ask for guidance from a qualified trainer.

People With Acute Shoulder Injuries

People should avoid cable shoulder internal rotation in case of any acute shoulder injuries. For instance, rotator cuff tears. 

In adults, rotator cuff injury is the most common tendon injury seen and treated. Approximately 30% of adults aged over 60 and 62% of adults aged over 80 have tears.

Performing the cable internal rotation with an injury may cause pain or make the condition worse. Take a rest until you have fully recovered or follow medical advice before beginning any exercise program.

Benefits Of The Exercise

Reduces Injuries

Repetitive throwing or overhead activities put pressure on the shoulder joint. To perform these movements smoothly, it requires strength and coordination in the muscles around the shoulder. That’s when shoulder cable rotations come in handy. 

They can strengthen the muscles around the shoulders and pectorals, reducing the risks of injuries during activities. Lack of strength and stability can impair joint control and lead to muscle imbalances and joint instability. 

You can prevent these from happening by training regularly and implementing cable internal rotations into your training plan.

Improves Stability

The rotator cuff and shoulder muscles involved in cable rotation support the shoulder joint. Therefore, they’re considered vital for shoulder health. Cable shoulder internal rotations can develop and strengthen these muscles.

They improve the stability of the shoulder joint and reduce the risk of injuries. This is essential in overhead activities too, like lifting and other daily tasks.

Improves Range Of Motion

Prolonged inactivity or immobility of the shoulders and rotator cuff can cause stiffness and reduced range of movement. Additionally, tissue scarring from previous injuries can limit the rotation of the shoulders, too. 

Improving the strength of these muscles with exercises like cable shoulder internal rotations can improve the range of motion as much as stretching. This makes it a great addition to any training or rehabilitation program. 

*Expert tip: You can place a towel between your elbow and torso. This increases the range of motion, isolates the shoulder rotators, and limits the work on the elbow extensors.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is shoulder internal rotation important?

Yes, shoulder internal rotation involves many daily activities, like getting dressed. It also plays a stabilizing role in sports like tennis or kickboxing, preventing injuries for athletes.

What is the main muscle for internal rotation?

There are two main muscles involved in internal rotations. The first one is the anterior deltoid at the front of the shoulder. The other primary mover is the subscapularis. This is a rotator cuff muscle that lies at the anterior surface of the shoulder blade.

What muscles limit shoulder internal rotation?

The posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles can limit shoulder internal rotation. When these muscles are tight or overdeveloped, they restrict movement.

What causes poor shoulder internal rotation?

Muscle tightness, imbalances, overuse, or improper training can limit the internal rotation of the shoulders. Additionally, scarring from previous shoulder injuries like rotator cuff tears and shoulder dislocations can also contribute.

Resources

Endomondo.com refrains from utilizing tertiary references. We uphold stringent sourcing criteria and depend on peer-reviewed studies and academic research conducted by medical associations and institutions. For more detailed insights, you can explore further by reading our editorial process.

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